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RANKREL(1) |STAT January 20, 1987
NAME
rankrel - rank order statistics for related samples
SYNOPSIS
rankrel [-ry] [-c maxcases] [names]
DESCRIPTION
_r_a_n_k_r_e_l analyses data from ordinally ranked data obtained from
related/matched samples. The input consists of scores from several
samples, conditions, or groups. Each condition's data are in a
separate column. The scores need not be ranks; they will be ranked by
the program. For each condition, the number of scores, extrema and
quartiles are reported. Conditions are compared for equality of
location using the sign test, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test, and the
Friedman two-way analysis of variance of ranks. A matrix of Spearman
rank-order correlation coefficients (rho) is printed.
The sign test and the Wilcoxon test are only used when there are two
conditions. When there are fewer than 25 paired cases that are
different, the exact binomial probability is computed; for larger N,
the normal approximation is used.
Probability of Obtained Statistics
Functions computing exact probabilities of Wilcoxon and Friedman could
not be found when the program was written, so for small samples,
statistical tables at the back of a text should be consulted. For
large samples, normal and Chi-square approximations are adequate.
OPTIONS
-c maxcases
Set the maximum number of input cases. Use the -L option to see
the default.
-r Request a report of average ranks for conditions.
-s Stop significance tests from printing. This option is useful
when the Spearman rho values are of primary interest.
-y When computing the normal approximation for the probability of
the Wilcoxon test, Yates' correction for continuity is applied.
This option stops its use. There are no cases where Yates'
correction should not be used, but the option is useful to check
textbook examples for accuracy.
EXAMPLE
The following data are from Siegel, page 79. The command names the
conditions "school" and "home."
> rankrel school home
82 63
69 42
73 74
43 37
58 51
56 43
76 80
65 62
sign test: 0.144531 (one-tailed)
Wilcoxon T = 4, N = 8
p approximated with z: .026892 (one-tailed)
tabled critical value for T for one-tailed p = .025: 4
Friedman R = 2
Spearman Rank Correlation (rho) = .786
LIMITS
Use the -L option to determine the program limits.
MISSING VALUES
Cases with missing data values (NA) are counted but not included in
the analysis.
SEE ALSO
pair(1), regress(1), and anova(1) perform the normal-theory parametric
counterparts to this non-parametric, distribution-free analysis. To
see a scatterplot of ranks, the ranksort(1) filter can be used as a
pre-processor for the pair(1) plotting option. rankind(1) analyses
ordinal data for independent conditions.
Siegel, S. (1956) _N_o_n_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_r_i_c _S_t_a_t_i_s_t_i_c_s _f_o_r _t_h_e _B_e_h_a_v_i_o_r_a_l
_S_c_i_e_n_c_e_s. New York: McGraw-Hill.
WARNING
When the program advises to check a table for exact probabilities of
significance tests, it may still compute approximate values. These
approximations should not be used for serious work.
These are the contents of the former NiCE NeXT User Group NeXTSTEP/OpenStep software archive, currently hosted by Netfuture.ch.