Rounding of Numbers

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Rounding of Numbers

Syntax

ceiling(x)
floor(x)
round(x, digits=0)
signif(x, digits)
trunc(x)

Description

ceiling takes a single numeric argument x and returns a numeric vector containing the smallest integers not less than the corresponding elements of x.

floor takes a single numeric argument x and returns a numeric vector containing the largest integers not greater than the corresponding elements of x.

round rounds the values in its first argument to the specified number of decimal places (default 0).

signif rounds the values in its first argument to the specified number of significant digits.

trunc takes a single numeric argument x and returns a numeric vector containing the integers by truncating the values in x toward 0.

Examples

print(x1 <- seq(-2,4, by =.5)) x1[trunc(x1) != floor(x1)] x1[round(x1) != floor(x1 + .5)] all(trunc(x1) == as.integer(x1)) # TRUE non.int <- ceiling(x1) != floor(x1) all(non.int == (ceiling(x1) != trunc(x1) | trunc(x1) != floor(x1))) # TRUE all((signif(x1, 1) != round(x1)) == (non.int & abs(x1)<1)) # TRUE x2 <- pi*100^(-1:3) round(x2, 3) signif(x2, 3)