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NeXT-like makefiles using objcX WHAT IS THIS ALL ABOUT? This folder contains some context diffs which, when patched with NeXT's source makefiles, create similar makefiles which work at least on Suns and possibly on other machines, using the objcX package instead of NeXT's libraries. This allows you to have your NeXT projects compiling using objcX with just some minor changes to Project Builder's makefiles, instead of having to write your own, which comes in handy on big projects with subprojects and such. Another benefit is that your object files will be tucked away in a folder labeled with the architecture of the machine on which they were compiled. This allows you to build your app on the NeXT and then on other machines without the object files interfering with one another. HOW TO CREATE THE SOURCE MAKEFILES Instead of giving you the makefiles themselves, we are giving you diff files which can be patched with NeXT's makefiles in order to create the objcX makefiles. We do this because the makefiles for objcX are based upon the NeXT makefiles, so that it would be a violation of copyright to distribute them to people who had not purchased NeXT's development software. If you run the script "patchMakefiles" on the NeXT, you will suddenly have a directory called "MakefilesX" which will contain the files app.make, basicrules.make, common.make and subproj.make. If patchMakefiles does not work, then you will have to do the patch commands manually--if you look at patchMakefiles, it is fairly clear what must be done. In any case, you should take this "MakefilesX" directory and put it wherever you want it, say in the top level of the "objcX" directory. In order to perform a make depends, you will also have to take the "makedepend" script from your objcX directory and put a copy of it in your "MakefilesX" directory. HOW TO CHANGE YOUR PROJECTS' MAKEFILES Now, whenever you make a program with Project Builder, you should make a copy of the Makefile called "MakefileX" (the make will not work in some cases if you use a different name) and you should make the following changes to it. In subproject Makefiles, only changes 1-3, 5 and 7 apply. 1) Any resources that are something.nib should be something.xmib. GLOBAL_RESOURCES = myProgram.nib becomes GLOBAL_RESOURCES = myProgram.xmib 2) Define OFILESWITHPATHS to be all of the object files that this makefile will generate with "$(OFILE_DIR)/" in front of each. So, you must take all of the .m files from the CLASSES and MFILES macros and all the .c files from the CFILES macro and change the suffix to .o, and you also must make entries for each subproject, where "foobar.subproj" becomes "foobar_subproj.o". OFILESWITHPATHS = $(OFILE_DIR)/myClass.o $(OFILE_DIR)/mySource.o\ $(OFILE_DIR)/myProgram_main.o $(OFILE_DIR)/mySubproject_subproj.o 3) In OTHERSRCS, change Makefile to MakefileX and get rid of the .preamble and .postamble. OTHERSRCS = Makefile.preamble Makefile Makefile.postamble becomes OTHERSRCS = MakefileX 4) Define OSTEPDIR as the path of your objcX directory. OSTEPDIR = $(HOME)/objcX 5) Change the definition of MAKEFILEDIR to be the path of your MakefilesX directory. MAKEFILEDIR = /NextDeveloper/Makefiles/app becomes MAKEFILEDIR = $(OSTEPDIR)/MakefilesX 6) Change the definition of LIBS so that you will compile with the objcX libs and the Motif libs. In the example below, -L/usr/local/lib/X11R5 and -L/usr/lib tell the compiler where to look for the Motif libraries, so how these flags should be set depends on how your file system is organized. LIBS = -lMedia_s -lNeXT_s becomes LIBS = -lobjcX -lobjc -lcoll -L$(OSTEPDIR) -L/usr/local/lib/X11R5 \ -L/usr/lib -lX11 -lm -lXm -lXmu -lXt -lXext 7) Define OTHER_CFLAGS to give the compiler the include paths for the "objcX" directory and for the Motif include files. Once again, you the path for the Motif stuff is dependent on your local file system. You may also add your own flags for the gcc compiler here if you like (OTHER_CFLAGS is a macro that NeXT allows you to define in "Makefile.preamble" for this purpose.) OTHER_CFLAGS = -I$(OSTEPDIR) -I/usr/local/X11R5/include 8) Remove the include commands that include "Makefile.preamble", "Makefile.postamble" and "Makefile.dependencies". Only "$(MAKEFILEDIR)/$(MAKEFILE)"should be included. HOW TO COMPILE WITH THESE MAKEFILES In the NeXT project manager, you choose whether you want to build app, debug, clean, profile, etc. The same options apply here, but you enter them in the command line. So you would type make app -f MakefileX to build the .Xapp and to specify that MakefileX is the makefile that should be used. These makefiles create a directory for your built app, called yourProgram.Xapp, or .Xdebug or whatever, in the same way that the NeXT puts it in a directory called yourProgram.app or .debug. Inside this directory will be the .xmib and the executable. OTHER NOTES NeXT's Project Builder is obviously not going to maintain your MakefileX for you. Therefore, every time you add or remove sources to your project, you will have to look at the NeXT Makefile and make corresponding changes to your MakefileX. The fact that your MakefileX is self-maintained also means that rather than putting your own special touches in Makefile.preamble and Makefile.postamble, you can put them in MakefileX. You must put them before the line # DO NOT DELETE THIS LINE -- make depend depends on it. if it exists, because everything after it is maintained by makedepend. Makefile.preamble and Makefile.postamble give you many macros that you can define for different reasons; defining them in the MakefileX should give the desired effect. In order to get everything to link correctly, these makefiles start with the object files in the same directory as the source files, and then move them into the appropriate directory. The NeXT does not have to do this. Therefore, if a make fails, it will most likely leave some object files laying around where you would not expect them. Also, this means that doing a make on a NeXT and on a Sun at the same time, for example, will probably not work correctly, because the NeXT may try to link with one of the Sun's object files. EXAMPLE The following is a sample Makefile and a sample MakefileX Makefile: # # Generated by the NeXT Project Builder. # # NOTE: Do NOT change this file -- Project Builder maintains it. # # Put all of your customizations in files called Makefile.preamble # and Makefile.postamble (both optional), and Makefile will include them. # NAME = myProgram PROJECTVERSION = 1.1 LANGUAGE = English GLOBAL_RESOURCES = myProgram.nib CLASSES = myClass.m HFILES = myClass.h myMacros.h MFILES = myProgram_main.m CFILES = mySource.c SUBPROJECTS = mySubproject.subproj OTHERSRCS = Makefile.preamble Makefile Makefile.postamble m MAKEFILEDIR = /NextDeveloper/Makefiles/app MAKEFILE = app.make INSTALLDIR = $(HOME)/Apps INSTALLFLAGS = -c -s -m 755 SOURCEMODE = 444 ICONSECTIONS = -sectcreate __ICON app /usr/lib/NextStep/Workspace.app/application.tiff LIBS = -lMedia_s -lNeXT_s DEBUG_LIBS = $(LIBS) PROF_LIBS = $(LIBS) -include Makefile.preamble include $(MAKEFILEDIR)/$(MAKEFILE) -include Makefile.postamble -include Makefile.dependencies MakefileX: NAME = myProgram PROJECTVERSION = 1.1 LANGUAGE = English GLOBAL_RESOURCES = myProgram.xmib CLASSES = myClass.m HFILES = myClass.h myMacros.h MFILES = myProgram_main.m CFILES = mySource.c SUBPROJECTS = mySubproject.subproj OFILESWITHPATHS = $(OFILE_DIR)/myClass.o $(OFILE_DIR)/mySource.o\ $(OFILE_DIR)/myProgram_main.o $(OFILE_DIR)/mySubproject_subproj.o OTHERSRCS = MakefileX OSTEPDIR = $(HOME)/objcX MAKEFILEDIR = $(OSTEPDIR)/MakefilesX MAKEFILE = app.make INSTALLDIR = $(HOME)/Apps INSTALLFLAGS = -c -s -m 755 SOURCEMODE = 444 ICONSECTIONS = -sectcreate __ICON app /usr/lib/NextStep/Workspace.app/application.tiff LIBS = -lobjcX -lobjc -lcoll -L$(OSTEPDIR) -L/usr/local/lib/X11R5 \ -L/usr/lib -lX11 -lm -lXm -lXmu -lXt -lXext DEBUG_LIBS = $(LIBS) PROF_LIBS = $(LIBS) OTHER_CFLAGS = -I$(OSTEPDIR) -I/usr/local/X11R5/include include $(MAKEFILEDIR)/$(MAKEFILE) contributed by Jeff Kamerer (kamerer@crow.slac.stanford.edu)
These are the contents of the former NiCE NeXT User Group NeXTSTEP/OpenStep software archive, currently hosted by Netfuture.ch.